Publishing activities

This division includes the publishing of books, brochures, leaflets, dictionaries, encyclopaedias, atlases, maps and charts; publishing of newspapers, journals and periodicals; directory and mailing list and other publishing, as well as software publishing. Publishing includes the acquisition of copyrights to content (information products) and making this content available to the general public by engaging in (or arranging for) the reproduction and distribution of this content in various forms. Publishers may license rights to others to distribute their content, or they may publish and distribute content they create or own. All the feasible forms of publishing (in print, electronic, digital, analog, or any other form) and self-publishing activities are included in this division, except publishing of motion pictures and music. This division covers the streaming of content, such as software and books, by content publishers.

This division excludes the production of motion pictures, videos and movies, the publishing of music and the production of original sound master recordings (see division 59). Also excluded are obtaining rights from publishers to broadcast and distribute content (see division 60), computer programming activities (see division 62), printing (see 1811), and the mass reproduction of recorded media (see 1820).